What is the software program that is stored into ROM?

Firmware is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the software that is permanently stored in read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory. This type of software provides the low-level control for a device's specific hardware. Firmware is essential for operating hardware components and essentially serves as the intermediary between the hardware and higher-level software applications.

Unlike operating systems or application software, which can be changed or updated frequently, firmware is usually stable and only updated when necessary, often through specific updates provided by the manufacturer. Application software and utility software are designed to perform tasks for users or optimize system performance, but they do not reside in ROM and are considered more volatile because they can be deleted or modified without any specific hardware constraints.