What defines a functional computer system?

A functional computer system is primarily defined by its ability to boot up normally, because booting is the process through which a computer prepares to carry out tasks. If a computer can boot successfully without errors, it indicates that the essential hardware components, such as the motherboard, CPU, and RAM, are functioning properly and that the system is capable of loading the operating system and other software. Normal booting is a foundational requirement for any computer to operate effectively.

In contrast, while high processing speed, low power consumption, and up-to-date software can enhance a computer's performance and efficiency, they are not the core indicators of whether a computer system is functional. A computer might have high processing speed but could still fail to boot due to hardware issues, making it non-functional regardless of its speed. Similarly, it could be energy-efficient and still be unable to start up properly. Keeping software up-to-date is important for security and functionality but does not define the fundamental operational ability of the computer itself. Thus, normal booting is the key factor that establishes a system as functional.