What are the two types of interfaces used to connect a hard disk drive (HDD) to a computer motherboard?

PATA and SATA are indeed the two main types of interfaces commonly utilized to connect hard disk drives (HDDs) to a computer motherboard.

PATA, which stands for Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment, was widely used in older computer systems before the advent of SATA. It connects HDDs to the motherboard using a ribbon cable and allows for multiple drives to be connected through master/slave configurations.

SATA, or Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, is a more recent interface that has largely replaced PATA in modern systems due to its advantages. SATA connections use a thinner, more flexible cable which allows for improved airflow within the computer chassis. Additionally, SATA supports faster data transfer rates, making it more efficient for transferring large amounts of data.

The other choices do not represent appropriate interfaces for connecting HDDs to motherboards. USB and SCSI are interfaces used for different types of peripheral devices rather than direct HDD connections, while HDMI and DisplayPort are video interfaces. IDE is an older term commonly used to refer to PATA, and NVMe is a protocol used for high-performance SSDs, which operates over PCIe connections, not typical HDDs.