A network interface controller is also known as what?

A network interface controller (NIC) is commonly referred to as a LAN card. This hardware component allows a computer or device to connect to a network, facilitating communication over wired or wireless connections. The term "LAN card" specifically emphasizes its role in local area networks (LANs), where it connects individual devices such as computers, printers, and servers to a network to share resources.

Unlike a wireless adapter, which connects devices to a network using radio signals, a LAN card typically connects through cables, primarily using Ethernet technology. This distinction is important in understanding the diverse types of network interfaces available. While a modem connects to the internet and converts digital data from a device into an analog signal that can be transmitted over telephone lines, and a router directs data packets between networks to ensure they reach the correct destination, the primary function of a NIC or LAN card is to facilitate the specific communication needs of the local network.

Recognizing the specific terminology associated with networking components helps clarify their functions within the broader context of computer systems servicing.