What component displays measures and various real-time statistics on the system's performance?

The component that effectively displays measures and various real-time statistics on the system's performance is the System Monitor. This tool provides a comprehensive overview of system resources, allowing users to track CPU usage, memory consumption, disk activity, and network performance in real-time.

The System Monitor is particularly useful for identifying bottlenecks and understanding the performance behavior of running applications. It can help in troubleshooting performance-related issues by presenting data in an accessible format to users. This allows for better insight into how effectively the system is operating under current workload conditions, making it easier to gauge whether further action is required, such as closing applications or upgrading hardware.

The other choices, while relevant to system performance in their own contexts, do not serve as standalone components dedicated to displaying ongoing performance statistics in as comprehensive a manner. For example, Task Manager provides information on running applications and processes but is more focused on current tasks rather than a broad range of performance metrics. Performance Tracker may imply monitoring, but it is generally not standardized in the same way as System Monitor across different systems, leading to potential confusion. View Current Activity indicates a temporary look at current processes rather than continuous monitoring of performance over time. Therefore, System Monitor is the most appropriate choice for this functionality.